关键词 > ETC3550/ETC5550

ETC3550/ETC5550 Applied Forecasting 2020

发布时间:2022-06-01

Hello, dear friend, you can consult us at any time if you have any questions, add WeChat: daixieit

Semester One 2020

Examination Period

ETC3550/ETC5550

Applied Forecasting

SECTION A

Write about a quarter of a page each on any four of the following topics. (Clearly state if you agree or disagree with each statement. No marks will be given without any justification.)

1. The disadvantage of using a test set for choosing a forecasting model is that it uses only a small proportion of the data.

2. The best forecasting models adapt rapidly to changes in the trend and seasonal patterns.

3. With STL decompositions and ETS models, we always need to transform our data before estimating the components.

4. The mean of a stationary AR(3) process

pt = c + 61pt-1 + 62pt-2 + 63pt-3 + et,

where et ~ NID(0, g2 ), is equal to c.

(You can write out your answer elsewhere and upload it as an image if you prefer)

5. ARIMA models are better than ETS models because there are more possible models available.

6. Regression models are not very useful for forecasting because you have to forecast all the predictors as well.

SECTION B

Figures 1, 2and 3relate to the number of students (in thousands) arriving in Australia from China over the period January 2005 – February 2020.

1. Using Figures 1, 2and 3, describe the student arrivals from China. Carefully comment on the interesting features of all three plots.

Number of students arriving in Australia from China

60

40

20

0

2005 Jan 2010 Jan 2015 Jan                                           2020 Jan

Month [1M]

Figure 1:


60

40

20

0

60

40

20

0

Number of students arriving in Australia from China

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Month

Figure 2:


Number of students arriving in Australia from China

Month

Figure 3:


2. Using the code below, describe what is plotted in all panels of Figures 4and 5. Comment on the default settings for window in trend() and season(), and the efect of robust=TRUE. Which settings would you consider appropriate in this case?


ch_edu_arrivals  %>%

model(STL (log(Count)))  %>%  components()  %>%

autoplot()  +  ggtitle("STL  decomposition")

STL decomposition

‘log(Count)‘ = trend + season_year + remainder


4

3

2

1

0

2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0

1 0 1

0.0 0.5 1.0

2005 Jan 2010 Jan 2015 Jan 2020 Jan

Month

Figure 4:

4

3

2

1

0

2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0

1

0

−1 0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5

ch_edu_arrivals %>%

model(STL (log(Count), robust = TRUE )) %>% components() %>%

autoplot() + ggtitle("Robust STL decomposition")

Robust STL decomposition

log(Count) = trend + season_year + remainder

2005 Jan 2010 Jan 2015 Jan 2020 Jan

Month

3. You have been asked to provide forecasts for the next three years for the Chinese student arrivals series assuming that the travel bans will be lifted soon and travel will commence as normal in July 2020.

Consider applying each of the methods and models below. Comment, in a few words each, on whether each one is appropriate for forecasting the data. No marks will be given for simply guessing whether a method or a model is appropriate without justifying your choice.

Start your response by stating: suitable or not suitable.

Seasonal naïve method.

(b) An STL decomposition combined with the drift method to forecast the seasonally adjusted component.

(c) An STL decomposition on the log transformed data combined with an ETS to forecast the seasonally adjusted component.

(d) Holt-Winters method with damped trend and multiplicative seasonality.

(e) ETS(A,A,A).

(f) ETS(M,A,M).

(g) ARIMA(1,12,4).

(h) ARIMA(3,2,1)(1,1,0)12 on the log transformed data.

(i) ARIMA(3,1,1)(2,1,0)12 on the log transformed data.

(j) Regression model with time and Fourier terms.