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MTH6142 / MTH6142P Complex networks

发布时间:2022-05-16

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Main Examination period 2017

MTH6142 / MTH6142P

Complex networks

Question 1. [30 marks]

Structural properties of a given network.

Consider the adjacency matrix A of a network of size N – ; given by

A .

a)  Is the network directed or undirected? (←_;╱;Jy y_≠;wμ≠)

b)  Draw the network.

c)  How many weakly connected components are there in the network? Which are the nodes in each weakly connected component?

[2]

[4]

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d)  How many strongly connected components are there in the network? Which

are the nodes in each strongly connected component?

e)  Is there an out-component in the network? If yes, indicate the nodes in the out-component of the network.

f)  Determine the in-degree sequence {k1(i)n , k2(in), k3(in), k4(in)} and the out-degree sequence {k1(o)ut , k2(out), k3(out), k4(out)}.

g)  Determine the in-degree distribution Pin (k) and the out-degree distribution Pout (k).

[2]

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h)  Calculate the eigenvector centrality xi of each node i – 1, 2, . . . , N of the network with adjacency matrix A given by Eq. (1).

To this end start from the initial guess x(0)  – 1 where 1 is the     N-dimensional column vector of elements 1i  – 1 Vi – 1, 2 . . . , N.

Consider the iteration

x(n)  – Ax(n1)

for n e N.

Finally evaluate the eigenvector centrality xi of each node i of the network by calculating the limit

xi  – n(i) N        (n) .

i)  Is the result obtained in point h) expected? (6左y←)

[8]

[2]


Question 2. [35 marks]

Diameter and clustering coefcient of networks

a) Which is the undirected network of N nodes with smallest diameter? Does this network have the small-world distance property? 6y

b) Which is the undirected network of N nodes which is connected and has the largest diameter?

Does this network have the small-world distance property? 6y

c) Consider a random Poisson network with average degree (k ; and total number of nodes N.

Indicate with l the average shortest path in the network.

i) Using the properties of the generating function evaluate the average branching ratio of a node reached by following a link given by (bk(〈(k)k1) .

ii) Approximate the number of nodes Nd at distance d > 1 from a random node of the network as Nd (k k(〈(k)k1) d1 and show that Nd – ;d .

iii) Using the properties of the geometric sum, evaluate the total number Nde of nodes at distance 0 2 d 2 l from a random node of the network.

iv) Impose that all the nodes of the Poisson network can be found within a distance d 2 l from any random node. Using the result obtained in (ii), express the average distance l of the Poisson network in terms of the total number of nodes N.