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INTERMEDIATE MICROECONOMIC THEORY II ASSIGNMENT 1

发布时间:2023-02-17

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ECONOMICS

FACULTY OF ARTS

INTERMEDIATE MICROECONOMIC THEORY II

ASSIGNMENT 1

1.   Consider the following game between Player 1 and Player 2. Player 1 moves first and should decide whether to choose A or B. Player 2 moves second and should decide    between C and D. The payoffs (payoffPlayer 1, payoff Player 2) are as follows.

•            If [A, C], then the players’ payoffs are equal to (17, 9).

•            If [A, D], then the players’ payoffs are equal to (5, 5).

•            If [B, C], then the players’ payoffs are equal to (21, 5).

•            If [B, D], then the players’ payoffs are equal to (9, 9).

Assume that before deciding, Player 2 cannot observe the choice of Player 1.

a.   Represent the game in an extensive form.

b.   Represent the game in a normal form. Characterize the set of (pure) strategy Nash equilibria.

Now, assume that Player 2 observes Players 1 move.

c.   Represent the game in an extensive form.

d.   Represent the game in a normal form. Characterize the set of (pure) strategy Nash equilibria.

Describe all the steps you use to answer parts a., b., c. and d. and explain/justify your answers.

2.   Consider the following game in which player A chooses a row and player B chooses a column

 

U

D

U

800, 800

800, 0

D

0, 800

1000, 1000

a.   Characterize the pure- and mixed-strategy N.E. using the Generalized Best- Response Analysis Method.

b.   If your answer in part b. involves more than one pure-strategy N.E., determine the risk-dominant N.E.

3.   Consider the following game with perfect information between Player A and Player B: Player A can choose A1 or A2; after observing the choice made by Player A,      Player B should choose B1 or B2. The payoffs (payoff A, payoff B) are as follows.

•    If Player A chooses A1 and Player B chooses B1, the payoffs = (8, 16)

•    If Player A chooses A1 and Player B chooses B2, the payoffs = (0, 16)

•    If Player A chooses A2 and Player B chooses B1, the payoffs = (16, 8)

•    If Player A chooses A2 and Player B chooses B2, the payoffs = (0, 16)

a.   Represent the game in an extensive form.

b.   Characterize the SPNE for the game.

4.    Consider the simultaneous-move version of the Matching Pennies” game discussed in class. Characterize the pure- and mixed-strategy N.E. Describe all the steps you use to answer the question, and explain/justify your answers.

5.  An Application: Consider the following situation involving three players, Apple, Sony and Fox Broadcasting Company. Fox is prepared to sell the exclusive promotional      appearance in the show House” to one of the two companies.1

 

If Apple’s PowerBook G4 is featured in the show, the publicity generated would        increase Apple’s profits by $400,000. Part of this increase would come at the expense of Sony’s VAIO– some of the consumers would switch from Sony’s VAIO to            Apple’s PowerBook G4. If Apple’s PowerBook G4 is featured, suppose that the         corresponding loss to Sony’s is $250,000. Similarly, if Sony’s VAIO is featured then Sony’s future profits will increase by $400,000 and Apple’s will fall by $250,000.

a.   Consider a sequential game. Fox first offers the exclusive appearance to Apple for

$500,000. If Apple rejects the deal, Fox will offer it to Sony for $500,000.2 Depict this game in a game tree and characterize the SPNE.

b.   Suppose you are advising Fox on the best way to sell the exclusive appearance. What would you recommend? Do not limit yourself to the proposal presented in part a.