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AP Physics 1 - Unit 1 Reflection (20 points total)

The goal of this assignment is for you to show us what you know about how objects move (kinematics.) Answer ONE of the prompts at the bottom of this document. Make sure your work represents your own words and your own original ideas. Write in full sentences and use equations to represent your ideas when appropriate. You can use our slides, textbook, and notes as references to help you.

Your work should clearly demonstrate your understanding of the following learning targets according to the rubric below: Part 1: Displacement, Velocity, and Acceleration (10 points)

Express the motion of an object using narrative (words), mathematical (equations), and graphical representations (graphs, vectors, or motion maps.)

Make predictions about the motion of a system based on the fact that acceleration is equal to the change in velocity per unit time, and velocity is equal to the change in position per unit time.

Part 2: Graphing Motion (10 points)

Create mathematical models and analyze graphical relationships for acceleration, velocity, and position of the center of mass of a

system and use them to calculate properties of the motion of the center of mass of a system.

Rubric:

5-6 points

7-8 points

9-10 points

Part 1:

Displacement, Velocity, and

Acceleration

Uses some of the BLUE vocabulary and         equations to describe motion, but does not precisely describe the motion using                vocabulary, equations, or graphs. Shows      missing or incomplete understanding of the ideas.

Expresses and predicts the motion of an object    by describing its position, velocity, and                   acceleration using words, equations, and graphs, including most of the BLUE vocabulary and            equations below and relating some of the ideas   to each other. Some words might be unused or misused

Expresses and predicts motion of an object in two         dimensions, OR the relative motion of two objects in   one dimension, including the precise relationships        between position, velocity, and acceleration, using       multiple examples of words (including nearly all the     BLUE vocabulary below), equations, and graphs/maps.

Part 2:

Graphing

Motion

Creates and interprets graphs to make some claims about an objects motion, but may      not precisely describe how the graph can be used to make these claims. May include         missing or incomplete understanding of         how the graphs represent motion.

Models an objects motion using position vs. time and velocity vs. time graphs, correctly         relating the ORANGE vocabulary to descriptions of motion. May not include all the relationships between the different graphs and an objects     position, velocity, and acceleration.

Uses slope and area to correctly relate position, velocity, and acceleration for graphs of the motion of at least two objects with different motion, OR one      object in multiple stages of motion with a change in    acceleration. Demonstrates understanding of most of the ORANGE vocabulary below.

Word/Equation Bank:

displacement

position

distance

velocity

speed

acceleration

vector

magnitude

direction

reference frame

gravity

relative velocity

projectile

horizontal

vertical

average/instanta neous

position vs. time graph

velocity vs. time graph

slope

area under the

curve

motion map

quadratic

outlier

linearization

linear

v = v0 + at

x = x0 + v0t + ½ at2

v2 = v02 + 2a(x - x0)

For your Unit 1 Reflection, complete ONE of the tasks (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, or H) below.

Task A: Household catapult

Create a household experiment that involves predicting, measuring, and graphing the projectile motion of an object . For example,   you might try to predict where a ball launched off a ramp will land on the ground. Perform the experiment and describe the motion of the object as precisely as possible using both equations and graphs. Your analysis should relate the position, velocity, and              acceleration of the object in the x- and y-direction, and you should discuss potential sources of error. Make sure to compare predicted and measured behavior of your projectile. Include sections for your Purpose, Procedure, Data, Analysis, and Conclusion,   and use as many of the words / equations in the bank above as you can relate to your work.

Task B: Write your own AP questions

For each of the TWO learning targets above (Displacement / Velocity / Acceleration, and Graphing Motion), write your own example

of a question that you consider to be of AP difficulty (like our quiz questions) which would assess mastery of that learning target. You can write multi-part questions that address multiple learning targets, and you can adapt existing questions (cite your sources and       explain how you made the question your own.) Explain why you think the question is challenging. Include a full solution and                 explanation of the correct answer and identify one common misconception and the corresponding alternate (incorrect) answer to      the question.

Task C: Real-world applications

For each of the TWO learning targets above, identify a real-world example in which a person would need to perform the skill                described. You can cover both targets in the same example. Make and support a claim as to the precision and accuracy of                     measurement / calculation that is necessary for that application, and explain how environmental factors might affect that precision   or accuracy. For example, air traffic control might need to characterize the motion of a plane... how accurately do they need to know position and time? How would they record that data and what calculations could they make from it? Your answers must show your understanding of the unit according to the rubric above. For example, you will need to actually show an example graph and the           analysis you can do from it. The data could be made up.

Task D: Braking acceleration (Experimental)

Create a household experiment that involves measuring the acceleration due to friction of an object sliding to a stop along at least     four different surfaces. (Assume the acceleration is constant over time.) Rank the surfaces in order of their amount of friction and      analyze the potential error in your results based on the possible sources of error in your measurements. Include sections for your       Purpose, Procedure, Data, Analysis, and Conclusion, and use as many of the words / equations in the bank above as you can relate to your work.

Task E: Braking acceleration (Algebraic)

Suppose you are driving in a car at a speed v0 and approaching a traffic light with no one ahead of you. Your car is a distance d from  the intersection when the light turns from green to yellow. The car can brake comfortably with a constant acceleration of magnitude a. You know the light will turn red after a time t0, but do you have time to make it, or do you need to stop? (Answer the following)

1.   Write an inequality that expresses how v0, d, t0, and/or a must be related in order for you to be able to continue moving at a

constant speed and make it into the intersection before the light turns red. (As an incorrect example you might say v0 > 3at0 .) Support your answer by drawing displacement vs. time and velocity vs. time graphs for this motion and label ALL    intercepts, maxima/minima, asymptotes, etc.