Study Guide for ECOS 2002
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Study Guide for ECOS 2002
2021
This document provides an overview of the key topics covered in each lecture and tutorial. It is meant to be a guide for students to help prepare for the final exam.
Exam Structure: The Exam has FIVE parts: MCQs, Calculation questions, short answer true and false, short essay questions, and short answer graph problems. The first FOUR parts are in a Canvas Quiz. There is no file upload required inside of the Canvas quiz. Part five is an assignment submission and requires a file upload. The exams breakdown is:
1. MCQs: 9 questions worth 3 points each (27 points)
2. Calculation question: 1 question worth 3 points (3 points)
3. True, False, and Uncertain: 5 questions worth 5 points each (25 points)
4. Short Essay Question: 1 question worth 15 points (15 points)
5. Short answer graph problems: 1 questions worth 30 points (30 points)
Lecture 1: The exam will consist of
1. Topic: Introduction to Economic Growth
2. Model: The simple model of production
Y = AK1/3L2/3
3. Keys Points:
(a) Rules for working with growth rates
(b) The distribution of income
Lecture 2:
1. Topic: A Dynamic Model of Growth
2. Model: The Solow-Swan Model
Yt = AKt(1)/3Lt(2)/3
∆Kt+1 = sYt − δKt
3. Keys Points:
(a) The role of capital accumulation in explaining growth
(b) Transition dynamics
Lecture 3:
1. Topic: Growth and Ideas
2. Model: The Romer Model
Yt = At Ly,t
∆At+1 = At La,t
L = La,t + Ly,t
La,t = γL
3. Keys Points:
(a) Nonrivalrous goods
(b) Perpetual growth
Lecture 4:
1. Topic: Unemployment and Inflation
2. Model: The labour market, the bathtub model of unemployment, and the quantity theory of money.
L = E + U
f U = sE
U s
=
L s + f
MV = PY
3. Keys Points:
(a) Natural rate of unemployment
(b) Causes of structural unemployment
(c) Case study on the role of unemployment insurance
(d) The causes, costs and benefits of inflation
Lecture 5:
1. Topic: Introduction to the Business Cycle
2. Model: Keynesian Goods Market and the IS Curve
Y = C + I + G + Nx
Y = [C0 − C1 + I0 − I1 R + ]
t = − (Rt − )
3. Keys Points:
(a) The output gap
(b) The Phillips Curve and Okun’s Law
(c) Connecting dynamic and static IS curves
Lecture 6:
1. Topic: Fiscal and Monetary Policy over the Business Cycle
2. Model: IS/LM Model
IS : Y = [C0 − C1 + I0 − I1 R + ] LM : R = Y − π e −
3. Keys Points:
(a) Contractionary and expansionary fiscal and monetary policy (b) The conduct of monetary policy
(c) Multipliers
Lecture 7:
1. Topic: Adding in the supply side
2. Model: AD/AS Model
(a) Four graph diagrams - Labour market, production, IS/LM, and AD/AS.
3. Keys Points:
(a) Nominal frictions i.e. stick prices and wages
(b) The long and short run effects of policy
(c) Policy uncertainty
Lecture 8:
1. Topic: Involuntary Unemployment and Monetary Policy Rules
2. Model: AD/AS Model
(a) Four graph diagrams - Labour market, production, IS/LM, and AD/AS.
3. Keys Points:
(a) Sticky wages required to generate involuntary unemployment in the model (b) Critique of the AD/AS framework
(c) The Taylor-rule
Lecture 9:
1. Topic: The dynamics of the business cycle
2. Model: IS/MP/AS Model
t = − (Rt − )
(Rt − ) = (πt − )
πt = π e + t +
3. Keys Points:
(a) The role of expectations in price setting
(b) Formalized monetary policy rules
(c) The role of onetime shocks
Lecture 10:
1. Topic: The dynamics of monetary and fiscal policy
2. Model: IS/MP/AS Model
t = − (Rt − )
(Rt − ) = (πt − )
πt = π e + t +
3. Keys Points:
(a) Inflation-output loops
(b) Single and dual mandate monetary policy rules
(c) Rational expectations
(d) The sacrifice ratio (e) Ricardian equivalence (f) Automatic Stabilizers
Lecture 11:
1. Topic: GFC and the Euro Crisis
2. Model: IS/MP/AS Model
t = − (Rt − )
(Rt − ) = (πt − )
πt = π e + t +
Rt = Rt(ff) + f¯
3. Keys Points:
(a) Financial frictions can drive a wedge between the policy rate and other interest
rates
(b) Causes of the crisis
Lecture 12: This material will not be assessed
1. Topic: The economics of the pandemic and the Fiscal Theory of the Price Level
(a) What policy choices are there in a pandemic?
(b) What provides a backing for fiat currency?
2022-05-30