MGAC02 Case Assignment 1
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MGAC02 Case Assignment 1
Users |
Financial reporting needs |
Shareholders/Management |
Evaluate the performance ofthe company. Biased to aggressive plans in place to revive the business. |
Scarborough Bank. |
Accurate financial statement to check ifthe debt to equity ratio is below 1.3:1. |
Constraints
1. To keep the debt to equity ratio below 1.3:1 in order to keep bank loans and cooperate with Scarborough Bank.
2. Rupert is a Canadian public company, so Rupert Tools Ltd. should apply IFRS for accounting rules.
Issue 1. Debenture bond to ABC Bank
The extension of debenture should be considered as a new bond or restructuring the bond agreement. So Rupert Tools Ltd. should derecognize the old bond agreement and record the new bond at its present value.
PV of new bond:300000xPVIF(5,12%) + 30000 x PVIFA(5,12%)=$278364
Dr Bonds payable 500,000
Dr Interest payable 50,000
Cr Bond payable 278364
Cr Common shares 100000
Cr Gain on the restructuring of bond 171636
Issue 2. Vendor-provided financing offer
Rupert Tools Ltd. should record this offer at its present value because ofthe difference between coupon rate and market rate.
PV=20000xPVIF(3,8%)+400xPVIFA(3,8%)=16906.84
Dr Computer equipment 16906.84
Dr interest expense 3093.16
Cr Notes payable 20000
Issue 3. Leasing new machine
First step in the leasing procedure is to identify whether it is a lease, by using IFRS 16-9 and IFRS 16-18 plus the information given, “The lease payment of $ 150,000 would be paid at the end of each year. The lease would be for a period of 12 years.” Rupert Tools Ltd. have specified both the period of borrowing and the exchange of consideration. So Rupert Tools Ltd. should consider this contract as a lease.
IFRS 16 Leases
Identifying a lease (paragraphs B9–B33)
9 At inception of a contract, an entity shall assess whether the contract is, or contains, a lease. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. Paragraphs B9–B31 set out guidance on the assessment of whether a contract is, or contains, a lease.
18 An entity shall determine the lease term as the non-cancellable period of a lease, together with both:
(a) periods covered by an option to extend the lease if the lessee is
reasonably certain to exercise that option; and
(b) periods covered by an option to terminate the lease if the lessee is
reasonably certain not to exercise that option.
The second step is to identify whether this is an operating lease or not, thus Rupert Tools Ltd. have to identify the right of control. Rubert will be receiving all the economic benefits generated from the unique machine during the leasing period and is not restricted on the use ofthe asset, so by considering IFRS 16-B9, Rupert Tools Ltd. does have the right of control ofthe asset, so this lease will not be considered as an operating lease. So we should recognize this machine as an
asset and a lease liability at present value for initial measurement.And subsequent measurement will include amortized cost over the term ofthe lease.
B9 To assess whether a contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset (see paragraphs B13–B20) for a period of time, an entity shall assess whether, throughout the period of use, the customer has both of the following:
(a) the right to obtain substantially all of the economic benefits from use of
the identified asset (as described in paragraphs B21–B23); and
(b) the right to direct the use of the identified asset (as described in
paragraphs B24–B30).
22 At the commencement date, a lessee shall recognise a right-of-use asset and a lease liability.
26 At the commencement date, a lessee shall measure the lease liability at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at that date. The
lease payments shall be discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease, if that rate can be readily determined. If that rate cannot be readily determined, the lessee shall use the lessee's incremental borrowing rate.
1900000xPVIF(12,9%)+150000xPVIFA(12,9%)=1749555
Dr Right of use asset 1749555
Cr Lease liability 1749555
Issue 4. Provision
In this situation, we need to define whether we should record this provision. First, we need to define whether it is a provision. “At the end of 2022, Rupert’s legal counsel believes that an unfavorable outcome is likely. A reasonable estimate of the court’s award to the plaintiff is between $ 300,000 and $ 700,000. No amount within this range is a better estimate of potential damages than the other amount.” As stated in the information, Rupert Tools Ltd. is very likely to have an outflow ofresources, so it is a provision(legal obligation). And by using IAS 37, we should be recording this provision. Usually, the provision is recorded at its best estimate, but in this case, we are not able to make the best estimate at one point, rather than that, we are given a range of numbers. And by using IAS 37-39, we should record this provision at the mid-point of the range. which is $500,000.
A provision is a liability of uncertain timing or amount.
A liability is a present obligation of the entity arising from past events, the settlement of which is expected to result in an outflow from the entity of
1
resources embodying economic benefits.
An obligating event is an event that creates a legal or constructive obligation that
results in an entity having no realistic alternative to settling that obligation. A legal obligation is an obligation that derives from:
(a) a contract (through its explicit or implicit terms);
(b) legislation; or
(c) other operation of law.
Provisions
14 A provision shall be recognised when:
(a) an entity has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event;
(b) it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits
will be required to settle the obligation; and
(c) a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.
Best estimate
36 The amount recognised as a provision shall be the best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period.
37 The best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation is the amount that an entity would rationally pay to settle the obligation at the end of the reporting period or to transfer it to a third party at that time. It will often be impossible or prohibitively expensive to settle or transfer an obligation at the end of the reporting period. However, the estimate of the amount that an entity would rationally pay to settle or transfer the obligation gives the best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period.
38 The estimates of outcome and financial effect are determined by the judgement of the management of the entity, supplemented by experience of similar transactions and, in some cases, reports from independent experts. The evidence considered includes any additional evidence provided by events after the reporting period.
39 Uncertainties surrounding the amount to be recognised as a provision are dealt with by various means according to the circumstances. Where the provision being measured involves a large population of items, the obligation is estimated by weighting all possible outcomes by their associated probabilities. The name for this statistical method of estimation is 'expected value'. The provision will therefore be different depending on whether the probability of a loss of a given amount is, for example, 60 per cent or 90 per cent. Where there is a continuous range of possible outcomes, and each point in that range is as likely as any other, the mid-point of the range is used.
Issue 5 Replacing the loyalty program
By replacing the loyalty program with the new points system, Rupert Tools Ltd. will have to first identify a contract specifying the rules of redeeming points to communication products, then derecognize the obligation arisen from the past events, by debiting loyalty obligation, crediting liability to Points Plus Inc. Then debiting liability to Points Plus Inc. and crediting cash. And on every sale afterward, Rupert Tools Ltd. should record contract liability depending on the points system, and pay the liability to Points Plus Inc. every certain period oftime.
2022-02-26