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EXAMINATION 

PHAY0033

Formulation of Small Molecules

January 2023

1.   Answer all parts of the question.

a) Explain how the forces of adhesion and cohesion are utilised in the design of dry powder inhaler (DPI) formulations        (50% of marks)

b) A company uses micronized drug powder for incorporation into a carrier-based DPI and notices that the fine particle fraction of the final product is higher when the micronized powder is conditioned for 2 weeks prior to manufacture than when it is freshly micronized. What changes may have occurred in the powder to cause this change in product performance?       (50% of marks)

2. Answer all parts of the question  

a) What are the reasons for poor stability and poor bioavailability of buccal formulations? Describe one formulation design to protect drugs from degradation and explain one formulation strategy to increase the penetration of

a drug from a buccal delivery system.            (75% of marks)  

b) Outline and discuss the functions of two types of excipients used to improve buccal drug release profiles.              (25% of marks)  

3. How can antibiotics impact vaginal drug delivery?       (100% of marks)  

4. A company wishes to develop a drug into a tablet formulation suitable for oral administration. The dose of drug is 200 mg and the drug is unstable in gastric acid. Which excipients would you include in the formulation, explain what their function is in tabletting and note whether they contribute to manufacture and/or drug release?         (100% of marks)