Renewable Energy Systems Integration (RESI)
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MSc Assignment – 2023 (Supplementary/Resit)
Renewable Energy Systems Integration (RESI)
Instructions
Due date and time: on Friday 28th July 2023 at 1 pm
Each student is required to submit an individual and formal report. The problem has no unique approach/ solution and therefore the methods/ solutions are expected to be varying from one student to another.
Students may make best possible assumptions if any extra information is required, however, they
should be justified in a Micro Grid context, giving relevant reasons/references. The assignment should be completed with hand calculations and simulation software use for any design calculation is not permitted.
Submission will be via Canvas, please familiarise yourself with Canvas before submissions are due. Files are to be smaller than 20MB to be able to submit to the Canvas.
Maximum number of pages in your report, excluding the cover page, must not be more than 15 pages (Including appendices). Minimum font size of the body of the report should be 11. Font size of the captions of figures and tables must be 10. The file type must be PDF.
Late submissions will be penalised by deducting 5% marks per day late. Assignments will not be accepted more than 20 days late after the submission deadline.
Academic Integrity
Plagiarism will not be tolerated. It is the act of a Student claiming as their own, intentionally or by
omission, work which was not done by that Student. Plagiarism also includes a Student deliberately claiming to have done work submitted by the Student for assessment which was never undertaken by that Student, including self-plagiarism and the other breaches. Sanctions of a plagiarism include the Student failing the Programme of study.
Problem Statement
Figure 1 shows a single line diagram of Micro Grid architecture. Its primary objective is to supply the electricity demand of local electricity consumers. In the secondary objective, the Micro-Grid exports electricity to the utility power grid and makes appropriate decisions to import power from utility power
grid as economically and secure as possible. There are a plenty of wind and PV resources in the chosen site of the Micro Grid. In some parts of the Micro Grid, diesel units can be installed however the primary generation of the Micro Grid should be from renewable power generators. Energy storage solutions can also be used as per the economic and technical needs of the Micro Grid. Micro-Grid design and operation should not compromise the energy security and the reliability of power supply of the Micro Grid at the maximum use of renewable power generation, unless otherwise micro-grid loads are flexible.
The Micro Gris will experience a constant load demand growth of 1.75% per year in the first
five years and then it follows 1.75%(1 + at )2 increment in every year until the end of the design lifetime of the Micro Grid, where tis the year under consideration and represents a constant of
0.025.
There are five load centres in the micro-grid. They are shown in Figure 1 as bus 3, 4, 5, 6, and
7. Technical data of each load centre is given in Table 1. 25% and 60% of loads respectively connected at Bus 4 and 6 are critical loads.
Several wind turbine generators are installed at Bus 7 to supply 50% of active power demand at bus 4. Installed capacity of a wind turbine generator is 90 kW. The loads connected at Bus 4 represent residential and commercial loads with a 40% and 60% composition respectively. The active
power electricity demand at Bus 3 should be supplied by a PV power generation operated with a suitable battery energy storage technology. The installed capacity of a PV module is given 6 kW. The owner of the micro-grid requests you to decide type(s) of generation technologies to supply the electricity demand in the other parts of the Micro Grid considering the Micro Grid primary and secondary objectives.
Table 2 shows the technical data of feeders. Micro-grid feeders are to be designed to carry at least 140% of excess load demand from the peak load demand at any operating condition considering the designed lifetime of the Micro Grid. Table 3 gives the average electricity loads at each bus in a characteristic day that is representative of the average daily load of the corresponding month in a
typical year, normalised wind power output, and peak sun hours in the characteristic day. Wind power output is normalised by dividing the actual power output of the wind plant by its installed capacity.
Consider that the characteristic day number represents corresponding month of a typical year. The
diesel plants can be selected from a pool of n1 # 6 kW, n2 # 10 kW, n3 # 30 kW where, n1 , n2 , and n3 represent any integer number of diesel generators that are required for the Micro
Grid to meet its objectives. The diesel generators should not be operated below 20% of their capacities to limit in-efficient operating cycles.
Part 1 (a) Describe the design approach and operating strategies that you would [10]
propose for the Micro Grid to benefit all stakeholders considering low carbon technologies, energy efficiency, flexibility, security, and economic operation of the Micro Grid. You must not comprise the above given design specifications and you should answer to this part and other
parts as a design engineer of a Micro Grid project.
(b) Draw the schematic diagram of the Micro Grid to meet the design [10]
approach and operating strategies in Part (a) above.
Use your proposed design approach and operating strategies for the remaining parts of the assignment.
Part 2 (a) Calculate the number of wind turbine generators and PV arrays required [30]
to meet the demand of the Micro-Grid as per the requirements in Part
1(a). Consider that the efficiency of the PV system is 65%. Neglect the effects of shading.
(b) Determine the required number, capacities, and installed locations of [10]
diesel plants for a fully operational Micro-Grid as per the requirements
in Part 1(a).
(c) Calculate the sizes of the Micro Grid feeders to meet the requirements in [10] Part 1(a).
(d) Calculate the capacities of batteries/ other energy storage solutions as [5]
appropriate to the requirements in Part 1(a).
(e) Calculate the sizes of capacitor banks to compensate for reactive power [5]
demand of loads to meet the requirements in Part 1(a).
For the simplicity of your calculation, consider the power losses of a branch is as 3% of the load connected to the branch. You should provide a detailed & sample calculation for each Part 2(a) to Part 2(e) in the body of the report and then tabulate repetitive calculations in an Appendix. Your calculation must carry clarity, assumptions, and justifications as relevant.
Part 3 Present a formal and structured report covering all parts above. The report [20]
should also include engineering judgements/ assumptions, a critical discussion, conclusion, and references. The references should be external references and cited appropriately. No mark is given if a student just reproduces conclusions, discussions, or justifications that are commonly available in the published literature.
Students can make reasonable and realistic assumptions; however, they should be justified technically and economically. Students may use online (or published) technical data apart from the data given in the assignment; however, the sources of information should be given as references. The marker will only mark what is in the body of the report and not the contents in the appendices. Appendices are used to check the accuracy of students’ work. Long tables of data such as Excel tables should be placed in appendices.
2023-07-18