4.  The general stakeholder engagement framework has 6 steps.  The 2nd step is entitled “Stakeholder identification and analysis”. What is analyzed in this step?

a.  Stakeholder influence

b.  Ease of communication with stakeholder

c.  Degree to which a stakeholder is impacted

d.  Number of stakeholders in a given category

e.  Stakeholder net worth

5.  Consider the relationships between a city’s transportation system and human health.      Which of the following has NOT been shown to be a feedback loop between these two systems?

a.  Improving health increases the likelihood of a person choosing to walk and choosing to walk further increases the likelihood of good health

b.  A walkable transportation system increases the likelihood that a person will

choose to walk, and the habit of walking may increase the advocacy for a walkable transportation system.

c.  The perception that the local area is walkable may lead to increased walking, and increased walking may increase awareness of the walkability of an area

d.  A walkable transportation system improves community mental health and an improved level of mental health within a community increases advocacy for a walkable transportation system

e.  Personal health is associated with a person’s improved perception of the built     environment, and an improved perception of the built environment can lead to a more active lifestyle which improves a person’s health

6.  Which of the following is NOT an indicator of the livability of an urban environment?

a.  Air quality

b.  Walkability

c.  Average personal income

d.  Volunteerism

e.  Housing affordability

7.  Which of the following is NOT a way in which a factory and a biological organism are similar?  They both:

a.  Reproduce and mutually interact

b.  Are capable of independent activities

c.  Use energy and material resources and release waste heat and material residues

d.  Respond to external stimuli

e.  Move through stages of growth and decay

8.  Which of the following is one of three key sub-systems within an urban ecology?

a.  Governance systems

b.  Bio-physical systems

c.  Economic systems

d.  Water systems

e.  Energy systems

9.  Megacities are particularly vulnerable to disruptions because they are:

a.  often located near river deltas or coastlines

b.  often located near farming areas

c.  old and have aging infrastructure

d.  full of people from an older demographic

e.  centres of trade

10.  What is“Integrated Water Resource Management”?

a.  a process which promotes the coordinated development and management of   water, land and related resources in order to maximize economic and social     welfare in an equitable manner without compromising the sustainability of vital ecosystems

b.  a non-market based approach which considers water as a human right and social good and not as an economic good, ensuring water for all, helping set priorities for water policy and resolving water conflict

c.  a cross-sectoral policy strategy, designed to promote the traditional approach to water resources and management such as hydrological and hydraulic engineering and traditional resource use and management

d.  a one-size-fits-all prescription to help protect the world’s environment, foster    economic growth and sustainable agricultural development, promote democratic participation in governance, and improve human health

e.  an approach involving the design of urban infrastructure that integrates water design goals with energy system design goals, transportation design goals, and health system design goals.

11. Which of the following is a“green”certification process applied to buildings?

a.  The Bullitt Foundation Certification Program

b.  The Living Building Challenge

c.  Civil Engineering Quality Infrastructure Program

d.  Leadership in Adaptive and Environmental Design

e.  Certification of Sustainable Structural Design

12. Sustainable supply chains are relevant to civil engineering because part of civil engineering involves:

a.  managing and treating urban waste

b.  maintaining product delivery systems

c.  maintaining industrial systems

d.  designing water treatment facilities

e.  managing the structural components of municipal assets

13. Freya has just landed a job with an engineering consulting firm.  In her second week, the boss drops by her desk and asks her if she knows anything about LCAs.             Thankfully, she took CIVL 200 and so is able to say,“Yes, I know a little bit about

them.”Her boss replies:“Great. I haven’t got a clue about LCAs but just got a contract to complete the first step.   “Where to we start?”

Which of the following is the best response that Freya can give?

a. “Who is the client and who are the stakeholders?”

b.  “What materials are being used and wasted?”

c.  “What decisions will be made based on the results of the LCA?

d. “We should figure out the impacts”

e. “How much are we getting paid for this work?”

14. An example of biomimicry in engineering is the shape of …

a.  an ipod

b.  bumpers on the modern electric car

c.  the front (i.e.“nose) of a fast train

d.  the handles of modern grocery bags

e.  the shape of downhill mountain bike pedals

15. Sustainability extends the reach of supply chain management.  From the list below, identify a way in which this reach is NOT extended.

a.  Product design

b.  Product user behaviour

c.  Manufacturing of by-products

d.  Product life extension

e.  Product end-of-life

16. As part of the sustainability assessment of a proposed project (e.g. a mine, or even a   large piece of urban infrastructure), one of the Seven Questions for Sustainability asks:

a.  Has an environmental assessment taken place?

b.  Has an LCA been performed?

c.  Has a Social-LCA been performed?

d.  Will people’s well-being be maintained and improved over the long term?

e.  Are all levels of government being consulted by the project proponents?

17.  The NGO entitled“Engineering for Change”focuses on humanitarian engineering      projects.  It has developed guiding principles for the design of appropriate technology.  Which of the following is NOT one of the guiding principles of appropriate technology?

a.  Consider the“do nothing”option

b.  Consider the context

c.  Create transparent and accessible technology

d.  Embrace the market

e.  Design for Do-It-Yourself

18.  An example of low resiliency in a city is:

a.  The American response to the attack of New York’s Twin Towers on Sept. 11, 2001

b.  The response of New Orleans to hurricane Katrina in 2005

c.  London’s response to the volcanic eruption in Iceland in 2010

d.  The 2015 failed transportation referendum in metro Vancouver

e.  The Japanese response to the 2016 earthquakes in Kyushu

19. One of the 4 dimensions of the Cities Resilience Framework is entitled“Infrastructure   and Environment”.  This dimension describes the presence in resilient cities of human- made and natural systems that provide critical services, protect, and connect urban assets enabling the flow of goods, services, and knowledge.  Which of the following things in  Metro Vancouver LEAST reflects the“Infrastructure and Environment”dimension of  the Cities Resilience Framework?

a.  The Stanley Park Seawall

b.  Burns Bog

c.  The Capilano and Seymour water reservoirs

d.  Beaches at Spanish Banks

e.  The Vancouver Harbour Seabus (which transports people between downtown and North Vancouver) and Lionsgate Bridge

20. What are the three foundational attributes of adaptive leadership?

a.  Direction, protection, order

b.  Integrity, authenticity, committing to something bigger than oneself

c.  Honesty, capacity, fierce resolve

d.  Catalyzing, compelling, works effectively with others

e.  Charismatic, inspirational, authoritative

PART 2 (20 marks): SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

21. What fundamental concepts should be included in a working definition of sustainability? (2 mark)

22. Why is Kalundborg Denmark an industrial ecology? (1 mark)

23. What is“future scenario planning”? (1 mark)

24  How is future scenario planning different from traditional planning? (1 mark)

25 For each of the following infrastructure project in the City of Rotterdam, describe two sustainability-focused characteristics. (3 marks)

26.  What functional unit would you use when conducting an LCA comparison between a paper and a ceramic coffee cup? (1 mark)  Why? (1 mark)

27.  For engineers, one of the biggest challenges raised by sustainability is the need to translate broad sustainability goals into detailed engineering actions.  Concept mapping is a tool    that can help the practicing engineer tackle this challenge with logic and rigor.

•  List the steps followed to create a concept map (2 mark).

28.  Starting with the focus question on the following page, construct a preliminary concept map that also has cross-links. (8 marks)

•  Make sure you provide a concept map containing at least 20 of the most             significant concepts. You should include as many concepts as you can, which may be much more than 20 concepts. Make sure to include all components of a         concept map.

•  Marks will be given for an illustration of both the depth of your knowledge (i.e. details – i.e. levels within the concept map), breadth of what you know (i.e.      identification of broad issues – i.e. number of sub-groups within the concept   map), and your understanding of cross-links between different issues.

PART 3 (10 marks): ARGUMENTATION QUESTION

29.  At the end of this question is a short Opinion Editorial written by the president of the    Greater Vancouver Board of Trade, Iain Black.  Read this Op Ed then respond to items a, b, c, and d.

a.  Paraphrase the primary claim of this media article (1 mark):

b.  List the reasons that support the primary claim (4 marks):

c.   Provide all supporting evidence found in the media article for ONE of the reasons

you list above. (4 marks)

d.  Name one underlying assumption made by the author that is not explicitly stated in the article (i.e. identify a warrant in the argument that is presented). (1 mark)

Opinion: Now is an ideal time to build the Site C hydroelectric project

Published in The Vancouver Sun Newspaper on: April 17, 2016

While  B.C.’s  economy  has  outperformed  the  rest  of  Canada recently,  the natural  resource sector has been crippled by falling commodity prices. B.C.’s oil and gas, mining and forestry sectors have all been affected, resulting in economic hardships in many resource-dependent communities, and for professional services businesses in Greater Vancouver.

Fortunately, construction of B.C. Hydro’s Site C project has started, and its timing could not be better. First,interestratesareathistoricallylowlevels,reducingthecostofborrowing. Second, low commodity prices reduce the cost of materials — such as steel and concrete — and large hydroelectric projects require a lot of them. Third, the slowdown in the natural resource sector means there are a lot of available workers, reducing concerns about labour shortages.

Very  rarely  does  a  large  infrastructure  project  start  construction  at  such  an  ideal time. A decade ago, we witnessed the opposite during the construction boom leading up to the 2010 Olympics  and  Paralympics.  Severe  labour  shortages  and  quickly  escalating  material  costs wreaked havoc with many large public and private projects.

Site C, on the other hand, is well-positioned to avoid these challenges.

Site preparation work started in July 2015 and is advancing well. This summer, B.C. Hydro estimates the multi-billion dollar project will speed up construction with 1,300 workers on site. This construction activity will provide a welcome boost for B.C.’s economy, particularly in B.C.’s north.

Despite  the  advanced  state  of  construction  on  Site  C,  and  the  decades  of  study  and  due diligence, there continues to be some who call for a delay or an outright cancellation of the project. The rationale for such a delay is that B.C. Hydro has an energy surplus and should therefore not be planning to bring on any new supply.    Others suggest that in a slow economic environment, B.C. Hydro should take a wait-and-see approach before embarking on one of Canada’s  largest  infrastructure  projects.  Others  believe  the  project  warrants  even  more review.

In reality, this is the ideal time to undertake a project of this significance. Building Site C in this landscape of low interest rates, depressed material costs, and a ready workforce will help keep the project on budget, and amplify its benefits. Furthermore, the timing of Site C construction offers opportunities for B.C.’s workers, businesses and communities hurt by the mining, and oil and gas slowdown.

Building a dam is labour intensive and this project will provide 10,000 person-years of direct construction jobs over its eight-year construction phase, and it will contribute $3.2 billion       into the provincial economy from the purchase of goods and services during construction.      The Greater Vancouver Board of Trade continues to support Site C because the project will     meet the long-term electricity needs of B.C.’s residential, commercial and industrial                    customers. When complete in 2024, it will benefit all of us in B.C. by providing cost-effective, clean and reliable power for more than 100 years.

Most of all, the project is providing an economic boost for northern B.C. and our entire

province at a time when it is greatly needed.