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ECONS2191WE01

CORPORATE FINANCE

EXAMINATION PAPER

SECTION A  Answer ALL  questions.  Each  question  has  only  ONE  correct  answer. Each question carries equal weight.

1.   What is the ultimate goal of financial management?

a.   Maximize the firm’s long-term profit

b.   Minimize costs

c.   Maintain steady profit growth

d.   Maximize the shareholders’ wealth

2. Given the following information: Beta of a stock = 1.5

Risk-free rate = 5%

Market rate of return = 14%

Rate of return on the stock = 16%

What conclusion can you draw based on CAPM?

a)   This stock is overpriced and lies below the Security Market Line

b)  This stock lies below the Security Market Line and is underpriced

c)   This stock is correctly priced

d)  The stock price cannot be determined

3.   Which of the following are FALSE about agency relationships within the corporation?

I.    The manager is the agent and the shareholder is the principal

II.   The employee is the principal and the manager is the agent

III.  The manager is the principal and the shareholder is the agent

IV.  The employee is the agent and the manager is the principal

a.   I. and II.

b.   II. and III.

c.   I. and IV.

d.   III. and IV.

4.   What is the standard deviation of the portfolio that consists of A and B shares?

Firm

Expected

return

Standard

deviation

Percentage  of portfolio

Correlation

A

20%

40%

60%

0.2

B

10%

20%

40%

a.   4.3%

b.   5.0%

c.   26.8%

d.   25.2%

5.   Which of the following statements are TRUE?

I.  Market risk can be eliminated in a stock portfolio through diversification.

II.  The risk that cannot be eliminated by diversification is called firm-specific risk.

III.  Efficient portfolios provide highest returns for a given level of risk.

IV. Diversification reduces risk as securities prices do not move exactly together.

a.    I and II only

b.    II and III only

c.    III and IV only

d.    I and IV only

6.   An investor was originally expecting a 16% return on her portfolio with beta of 1.25 before the

market risk premium decreased from 8% to 6%. Given this change, what return will now be expected on the portfolio?

a.    13.5%

b.    15.5%

c.    16.0%

d.    Cannot be determined

7.   If the markets are efficient in the weak form, which of the followings are FALSE?

I.    It is impossible to make consistently superior profits by using trading rules based on the past returns

II.   Prices will adjust immediately to public information

III.  Prices reflect all the information

IV.  Technical analysis is worthless

a.   I. and II.

b.   II. and III.

c.   I. and IV.

d.   II. and IV.

8.   Stock A is currently earning a return of 10% and has a beta of 0. 75, whilst Stock B is earning 15% and has a beta of 1.5.  The rate of return on the market is 12% and a risk free asset yields 5%. According to the CAPM:

a.   Stocks A and B are earning equilibrium returns

b.   Stock A is overpriced and stock B is underpriced

c.   Stock A is underpriced and stock B is overpriced

d.   Socks A and B are overpriced

9.   Durham PLC is financed by debt and equity. The market value of its debt is £8 million (market value) in debt and its equity £12 million. If Durham’s cost of debt is 6% and the required rate of return on equity is 12%, its Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) is:

a.   7.0%

b.   9.6%

c.   14%

d.  None of the above

10. Firm A has a value of £200 million and Firm B has a value of £140 million. Merging the two companies would allow cost savings with a present value of £30 million. If Firm A purchases Firm B for £150 million, how much do the shareholders of firm A gain from this merger:

a.   £20 million

b.   £30 million

c.   £40 million

d.   £50 million

SECTION B  Answer ONE question

11.

(a) Explain why CAPM is beta thought to be a more relevant measure of risk than standard

deviation for a well-diversified investor.                             (50 marks)

(b) Consider the following graph of the Security Market Line (SML):

 

Evaluate each portfolio (A, B, C, & D) and brieftly explain which of these portfolios represent

buying and selling opportunities.     `                                  (50 marks)

12.  Consider the following information:

 

Bear Market

Normal Market

Bull Market

Probability

0.3

0.5

0.2

Return on Stock A

- 10%

0%

40%

Return on Stock B

-5%

5%

50%

a)   Calculate and comment upon the expected return and standard deviation of A and B. (50 marks)

b)  Assuming that you have £20,000 to invest. You have decided to invest £10,000 in stock A and the remainder in stock B. Calculate and comment upon the expected return and standard deviation of your portfolio if the correlation between A and B is 0.5. (20 marks)

c)  Does a fully diversified portfolio include any risk? Use and explain appropriate diagrams in your answer.     (30 marks)

13.

a)  Reverside has a debt-to-equity ratio of 1.5. If it had no debt, its cost of equity would be 14%. Its current cost of debt is 10%. What is the cost of equity for the firm if the corporate tax rate is 40%? (20 marks)

b)  Red Motors has 30 million shares outstanding with a price of £15 per share. In addition, Red has issued bonds with a total current market value of £150 million. Suppose Red’s equity cost of capital is 10%, and its debt cost of capital is 5%. If Red’s corporate tax rate is 35%, what is its after-tax weighted average cost of capital? (20 marks)

c)  Explain MM Proposition I and II without taxes.                                                           (60 marks)

SECTION C  Answer ONE question

14.  The Treasury bill rate is 4%, and the expected return on the market portfolio is 12%. Using the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM)

a)  Draw a graph showing how the expected return varies with the beta. Calculate the market risk premium and the required return on an investment with a beta of 1.20. (30 marks)

b)  If an investment with a beta of 0.7 offers an expected return of 9%, does it have a positive NPV? (20 marks)

c)   If the market expects a return of 15% from stock A, what is its beta?                       (10 marks)

d)  Critically evaluate the main assumptions upon which the CAPM model is based. (40 marks)

15.

a) Discuss various forms of market efficiency.                                                              (30 marks)

b) Discuss implications for the use of technical and fundamental analyses of different forms of market efficiency.         (40 marks)

c) Critically discuss two misconceptions of market efficiency and explain how EMH supporters would respond to such misconceptions.          (30 marks)

16.

a)   Critically discuss four real-world factors that can make the firm’s dividend policy relevant in practice.             (40 marks)

b)  Critically discuss the key assumptions and predictions of the signalling” and agency” models of dividend policy. Are the models’ predictions supported by empirical findings? (60 marks)

17.

a)  Managers’ motives behind mergers and acquisitions do not always coincide with shareholder value maximisation’ . Discuss.   (40 marks)

b)  Discuss the various anti-takeover devices which are commonly available to a firm’s management to use as defence mechanisms. (60 marks)