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Social Inequality and Mobility (SOCS0045)

Exam questions 2021— 22

Answer ALL questions in Part A and ONE question in Part B

Part A:  Answer ALL questions in Part A.  Provide a short answer (no more than 150 words) to each question.

1.   What is the Great Gatsby Curve?  What are its implications if it is true?  (10%)

2.   In 2018 the number of UK men and women found in the major occupational groups are as follows (the figures are in thousands):

 

Men

Women

Managers, directors and senior officials

2,260

1,226

Professional occupations

3,232

3,274

Associate professionals and technical occupations

2,617

2,063

Administrative and secretarial occupations

817

2,543

Skilled trades occupations

2,952

317

Caring, leisure and other service occupations

546

2,413

Sales and customer service occupations

944

1,518

Process, plant and machine operatives

1,830

234

Elementary occupations

1,871

1,584

Calculate the index of dissimilarity of the above table.  Comment on the pattern of occupational sex segregation that the table shows.  (10%, please show your workings.)

3.   Explain Milanovic’s three concepts of global inequality and what kind of data you need to measure each concept.  (10%)

4.   The following intergenerational social mobility table is for men from the 1970 British Cohort Study.

 

Class destination

Class origin

Salariat

Intermediate

Working class

Salariat

1,034

439

209

Intermediate

818

793

491

Working Class

614

721

776

Calculate the odds of those from salariat origin achieving salariat destination rather  than working class destination.  Calculate the comparable odds of those from working class origin.  What is the odds ratio in this case?  What is your interpretation of the odds ratio calculated?  (10%, please show your workings)

5.   What is the Easterlin paradox concerning wellbeing and income?  (10%)        Part B:  Answer ONE of the following questions in no more than 1,000 words (50%).

1.   What is ‘maximally maintained inequality’ in educational attainment?

2.   Compare and contrast taste-based discrimination and statistical discrimination.

3.   Explain the ‘unemployment trap’ in conventional income support schemes and why Universal Basic Income might help people avoid this trap.

4.   What, if any, are the implications of genomic research for the nature nurture debate?