Hello, dear friend, you can consult us at any time if you have any questions, add WeChat: daixieit

BUSI4427

A LEVEL 4 MODULE, SPRING SEMESTER FINAL EXAM 2021 – 2022

BANK RISK MEASUREMENT AND MANAGEMENT

QUESTION 1 (10 marks)

Multiple choice questions (10 questions, 1 mark each)

–  Select only one answer per question, multiple answers will not receive grade.

1.  Each of the following is a function of capital EXCEPT

a.  Funding the branch and other real investments to provide financial services.

b.  Protecting the insurance fund and the taxpayers.

c.  Assuring the highest possible return on equity for the shareholders.

d.  Protecting uninsured depositors in the event of insolvency and liquidation.

e. Absorbing losses in a manner that allows the bank to continue as a going concern.

2. The difference between the market value of assets and liabilities is the definition of the

a. Accounting value of capital.

b.  Regulatory value of capital.

c.  Economic value of capital.

d.  Book value of net worth.

e. Adjusted book value of net worth.

3. A bank finances a £250,000 2-year fixed-rate loan with a £200,000 1-year fixed-rate

CD. Use the repricing model to determine (a) the bank’s repricing (or funding) gap using a 1-year maturity bucket, and (b) the impact of a 100 basis point (0.01) decrease in interest rates on the bank’s annual net interest income?

a.  £0; £0.

b.  -£200,000; -£2,000.

c.  +£50,000; -£500.

d.  -£200,000; -£1,000.

e.  -£200,000; +£2,000.

4. What is a fire-sale price?

a.  Market value of an asset.

b.  Price received for an asset that has to be liquidated immediately.

c.  Maximum price that will be received on sale of an asset irrespective of the time of sale.

d.  Replacement value of an asset.

e.  Book value of an asset.

5. The Federal Reserve carries out its monetary policy by setting-up :

a. The federal funds target rate.

b. The federal funds rate.

c.  The effective federal funds rate.

d. The prime rate.

e.  None of these.

6. Which of the following is NOT used as a method of measuring liquidity risk?

a.  Liquidity coverage ratio.

b.  Liquidity index.

c.  Net stable funding ratio

d.  Peer group liquidity ratio comparison.

e.  Bank equity multiplier.

7. A bank has two assets: 50 percent in one-month Treasury bills and 50 percent in real estate loans. If the bank must liquidate its T-bills today, it receives £98 per £100 of face value; if it can wait to liquidate them on maturity (in one month’s time), it will receive £100 per £100 of face value. If the bank has to liquidate its real estate loans today, it receives £90 per £100 of face value; liquidation at the end of one month will produce £92 per £100 of face value. The one-month liquidity index value for this bank’s asset portfolio is

a.  0.979.

b.  0.973.

c.  0.940.

d.  1.06.

e.  None of these.

8. Which of the following situations pose a refinancing risk for a bank?

a. A bank issues £10 million of liabilities of three-year maturity to finance the purchase of £10 million of assets with a two-year maturity.

b. A bank matches the maturity of its assets and liabilities.

c.  A bank issues £10 million of liabilities of two-year maturity to finance the purchase of £10 million of assets with a three-year maturity.

d. All of these.

e.  None of these.

Use the following bank stylised balance sheet to answer questions 9 and 10 (amounts are in millions).

Assets

Liabilities and

Equity

Gold                                                        30

Treasury bills                                            70

Residential mortgages (maximum loan-to-  600

value ratio of 80%)

Sovereign loans, BBB+ to BBB –                 100

CET1

Tier 2 capital Deposits

40

10

750

Total assets

£800  Total  liabilities Equity

and  £800

9. Tier1 risk-based capital ratio is equal to:

a.  19.231%.

b.  6%.

c.  15.385%.

d.  3.846%.

e.  None of these.

10.Tier2 risk-based capital ratio is:

a.  compliant with Basel III capital standards

b.  not compliant with Basel III capital standards

c.  equal to 4%

d. equal to 2%

e.  none of these

QUESTION 2 (10 marks)

The balance sheet of A.G. Fredwards, a government security dealer, is listed below. Market yields are in parentheses, and amounts are in millions.

Assets

Liabilities and Equity

 

Cash

20

Overnight repos

340

1-month T-bills (7.05%)

150

Subordinated debt

 

3-month T-bills (7.25%)

2-year T-notes (7.50%)

8-year T-notes (8.96%)

5-year municipality (floating rate)

150

100

200

7-year fixed rate (8.55%)

300

(8.20% reset every 6 months)

50

Equity

30

Total assets

£670

£670

a.  What is the repricing gap if the planning period is 30 days? 3 months? 2 years?

b.  What is the impact over the next three months on net interest income if interest rates on RSAs increase 50 basis points and on RSLs increase 60 basis points?

c.   What is the impact over the next two years on net interest income if interest rates on RSAs increase 50 basis points and on RSLs increase 60 basis points?

d.   Explain the difference in your answers to parts (b) and (c). Why is one answer a negative change in NII, while the other is positive?

QUESTION 3 (10 marks)

A bank is planning to make a loan of £5,000,000 to a firm in the steel industry. It expects to charge a servicing fee of 50 basis points. The loan has a maturity of 8 years and a duration of 7.5 years. The cost of funds (the RAROC benchmark) for the bank is 10 percent. Assume the bank has estimated the maximum change in the risk premium on the steel manufacturing sector to be approximately 4.2 percent, based on two years of historical data. The current market interest rate for loans in this sector is 12 percent.

a.   Using the RAROC model, determine whether the bank should make the loan.

b.  What should be the duration in order for this loan to be approved?

QUESTION 4 (10 marks)

Random Bank has the following balance sheet (refer to the Table below). The bank cash inflows over the next 30 days from the bank’s performing assets are £7.5 million. Calculate the following:

a.   Level 1 assets.

b.   Level 2 assets.

c.   High quality liquid assets (HQLA).

d.  Total cash outflows over the next 30 days.

e.  Total net cash outflows.

f.   The LCR for Random Bank.

Assets

£        Millions

Liabilities and Equity

£

Millions

Cash

£20

Stable retailed deposits

£190

Reserves  at  the  Bank  of England

30

Less stable retail deposits

70

Treasury bonds

145

CDs maturing in 6 months

100

Qualifying        marketable

50

Unsecured  wholesale  funding

 

securities

 

from:

 

NHA-MBS mortgage bonds

60

Stable      small      business

deposits

125

Loans       to       AA-rated

540

Less  stable  small  business

100

corporations

 

deposits

 

Mortgages (non-RMBS)

285

Nonfinancial corporates

450

Premises

35

Equity

130

Total

£1,165

Total

£1,165

QUESTION 5 (10 marks)

A stock price is currently £50. Over each of the next two three-month periods it is expected to go up by 6% or down by 5%. The risk-free interest rate is 5% per annum with continuous compounding.

a.  What is the value of a six-month European call option with a strike price of £51?

b.  What is the value of a six-month European put option with a strike price of £51?

c.   Verify that the European call and European put prices satisfy put call parity.

d.    If the put option was American, would it ever be optimal to exercise it early at any of the nodes on the tree?