Hello, dear friend, you can consult us at any time if you have any questions, add WeChat: daixieit

PHL243 Second Paper: Explication and Objection

In our selection of reading from Philosophy of Love, Sex, and Marriage, “Sexual Perversion and Sexual Fantasy,” Raja Halwani describes Thomas Nagel’s account of sexual perversion as a psychological account pertaining to desires and not actions (282), Nagel’s account of natural sexual desire as involving multi-leveled mutual awareness by two people (283), and outlines a set of examples where there are sexual acts that are deviations from Nagel’s model but not thereby perverted, such as fantasizing about others and not recognizing the real partner (284).

Halwani challenges Nagel’s multi-level mutual awareness view of normal sexual desire by targeting the accuracy of Nagel’s view, arguing that it classifies many non-perverted sexual practices as perversions, and many perversions as non-perversions” (284). Of the examples Halwani gives, he includes “oral sex between a heterosexual (or homosexual) couple” as that which would fail to exhibit a multi-leveled awareness view of desire, among other forms of sexual interaction . Halwani attempts to defend Nagel’s model (285), but ultimately concludes that “two people can instantiate Nagel’s multi-levels of arousal during sexual activities that most people consider perverted” (286).

The purpose of this assignment is for you to further exercise your explication and summary skills, and develop your argumentative skills. To reach these goals, your tasks are as follows:

Step 1: Explain Halwanis description of Nagels multi-leveled awareness view of desire in your own words .

Carefully read the relevant sections of Halwani’s text, paying particular attention to the claims and arguments he makes in the passages indicated above. Next, explicate the arguments against Nagel’s view that Halwani makes, which support his claim that Nagel’s model fails to both describe and proscribe perversions. To do this, you will need to explain in what sense it matters what “most people would consider perverted,” the role Halwani thinks muli-leveled awareness plays in desire and perversion, and his argument for why Nagel’s model fails to achieve what is needed for an account of perversion.

Step 2: Develop an objection to Halwani’s argument and defend it.

Make sure that your objection links back to what you’ve explicated in step 1. There are many different ways you could go here. Some (but definitely not all!) options are:

-      You could object to the kinds of examples Halwani generates to demonstrate the inadequacy of Nagel’s point of view;

-      You could object to one of the claims he makes about why a particular act is perverted or not according to a multi-leveled awareness view;

-      You could argue that what he has said about the pitfalls of Nagel’s view is fine enough, but we should not accept his conclusion that ultimately “it is not going to tell us how to explain why one preference is perverted but another is not” (286);

-      You could object to one of the three criteria for the use of intuitions and the claims that Nagel’s account fails to achieve those (287)

-      You may find it helpful to use your own examples in the course of your argument .

Deadline: Friday, March 10th by 11:59 PM through Quercus.

Length: Three pages double spaced (It should be three full pages of writing, so keep your name and student number to a single line or two at the top.) This is both a minimum and a     maximum length. If a paper goes over three pages by a line or two that is fine, but if it   goes over by a full page that will be considered in the assessment of the paper. Graders will stop reading and commenting after the fourth page.

Late Policy: Automatic extensions are available for 7 days upon request. There is no reason needed. Beyond the 7 days, documentation is required. Late papers that have not been granted an extension will be penalized 3% for each calendar day past the deadline (including      weekends). Requests for extensions should be made before the deadline or as soon as  possible. Students who miss a deadline and request an extension after the deadline has

passed should declare their absence through the Absence Declaration tool on ACORN.

Fromacorn.utoronto.ca: Students should record all absences through the Absence      Declaration tool on ACORN. Find the tool under the ACORN Profile and Settings menu. Please contact your Registrar’s Office if you have any questions.

Assignments submitted more than five days after the due date without an extension will be graded but will not receive comments.

Note on Plagiarism: Once again, don’t do it.

Reference:

Halwani, Raja. 2018. “Sexual Perversion and Sexual Fantasy.” In Philosophy of Love, Sex, and Marriage: An Introduction . New York: Routledge.